Materials and Methods: A total of 1,000 soldiers in the Turkish army were examined regarding their age, height, weight, body mass index educational status, income, birth and living place, frequency of bathing family history for pilonidal sinus, presence of intergluteal symptoms and the amount of sitting time during working. Their physical examinations were done by the same surgeon, and existence of pilonidal sinus, hirsutism grade and type of body hair were also recorded.

Results: The incidence of pilonidal sinus in this population was 6.1%. Pilonidal sinus in the family history, to be born or living in the Marmara region, high grade gluteal hirsutism were determined to be risk factors for the disease. The statistical power of the relationship between pilonidal sinus incidence and body-mass index, educational status, income, type of body hair, lumbar hirsutism, frequency of bathing or daily sitting time is not sufficient to assume any of them as risk factors.

Conclusion: Follow-up and regional epilation may be suggested to people with high risk factors. Family history of pilonidal sinus and high grade of gluteal hirsutism should be accepted as risk factors.